Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/kapas

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

Early borrowing from East Austroasiatic, whence Proto-Mon-Khmer *kpaas. Compare Sanskrit कर्पास (karpāsa) and Old Chinese 布 (OC *pˤa-s) (B-S), both of which are probably Austroasiatic loans.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkapas/

Noun

*kapas

  1. cotton, thread

Descendants

  • Celebic:
    • Muna–Buton:
      • Muna: kapa
    • Saluan–Banggai:
    • Tomini–Tolitoli:
  • Greater Barito:
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan: *kapas
    • Bali–Sasak:
      • Balinese: ᬓᬧᬲ᭄ (kapas)
    • Proto-Malayo-Chamic: *kapas
      • Proto-Chamic: *kapaːs[1]
        • Acehnese: gapeueh
        • Coastal Chamic:
          • Eastern Cham: ꨆꨚꩍ (kapah)
        • Highlands Chamic:
          • Chru-Northern Chamic:
            • Tsat: pa²¹
          • Jarai: kơpaih
          • Rade: kpaih
      • Proto-Malayic: *kapas
        • Iban: kapas
        • Malay: kapas
        • Minangkabau: kapeh
        • Urak Lawoi': กาปัซ (kapas)
  • North Borneo:
    • Proto-North Sarawak:
      • Berawan–Lower Baram:
      • Dayic:
    • Northeast Sabah:
    • Southwest Sabah:
  • Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
  • Proto-Oceanic:
    • Fijian: kava
    • Proto-Polynesian: *kafa (“sennit”)[2]
      • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian: *kafa
        • Proto-Eastern Polynesian: *kaha
          • Marquesic:
          • Tahitic:
            • Maori: kaha
            • Penrhyn: kaha
            • Rakahanga-Manihiki: kaha
            • Rapa: ka’a
            • Rarotongan: ka‘a
            • Tahitian: aha
            • Tuamotuan: kaha
        • Samoic–Outlier:
      • Tongic:
    • Western Fijian: kava-ti
  • Old Javanese: kapas
  • Proto-Philippine: *kapas ~ *kapəs
    • Central Luzon:
    • Greater Central Philippine:
      • Central Philippine:
      • Gorontalo–Mongondow:
      • Manobo:
      • Palawanic:
        • Brooke's Point Palawano: gapas
    • Northern Luzon:
      • Ilocano: kápas
      • Cagayan Valley:
      • Meso-Cordilleran:
        • Central Cordilleran:
          • Kalinga–Itneg:
          • Nuclear Cordilleran:
            • Central Bontoc: kápəs
            • Batad Ifugao: kápoh, āpoh
            • Kankanaey: kápes
            • Northern Kankanay: kapes
        • Southern Cordilleran:
          • Ibaloi: kapes
          • Keley-I Kallahan: kapeh
          • Pangasinan: kapés
      • Northeastern Luzon:
    • South Mindanao:
      • Tboli: gófós
  • Proto-South Sulawesi:

References

  1. ^ Thurgood, Graham (1999) From Ancient Cham to Modern Dialects: Two Thousand Years of Language Contact and Change‎[1], Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press
  2. ^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “KAFA.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551-559
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