Reconstruction:Proto-Nakh/wir

This Proto-Nakh entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
This Proto-Nakh entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Nakh

Etymology

Uncertain. Compare with Old Georgian ვირი (viri, “donkey, ass”), Mingrelian ვირი (viri, “rat; donkey”), Ossetian уыры (wyry, “rat”), Svan ჰუ̈ლ (hül, “mule”).

In the proverb presented in the work of Matsiev (1965)[1] and the text in the work of Timaev (1966)[2], the form with -рхӏ (-rh) occurs.

According to mammalogist and paleontologist Vera Gromova, as of 1947, there is still no information about the time of the appearance of the domestic donkey in the Caucasus.

According to a group of scientists, as of 2020, “[c]urrent knowledge about the evolutionary history of donkeys is still incomplete due to the lack of archeological and whole-genome diversity data.” As a result of their research, they came to the conclusion that donkeys were first domesticated in North Africa, thereby confirming the classical theory of the origin of domestic donkeys.

Noun

*wir (stem *war-)

  1. donkey

Descendants

  • Bats: ვირ class dd (vir)
  • Vainakh:
    • Chechen: вир class dd (vir)
    • Ingush: вир class jj (vir)

References

  1. ^ Matsiev, A. G. (1965) “Чеберлоевский диалект чеченского языка [Cheberloi dialect of the Chechen language]”, in Aliroev, I. Yu., editor, Сборник статей и материалов по вопросам нахского языкознания [Collection of articles and materials on issues of Nakh linguistics] (in Russian), volume 6, number 2, Grozny: Chechen-Ingush Book Publishing House, page 82
  2. ^ Timaev, A. D. (1966) Шатойский говор горного диалекта чеченского языка в сравнении с плоскостным диалектом и итумкалинским говором [The Shatoi subdialect of the Mountain dialect of the Chechen language in comparison with the Levelland dialect and the Itumkali subdialect] (in Russian), Tbilisi: Institute of Linguistics of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, page 355

Further reading

  • Gromova, V. I. (1947) “К вопросу о первом появлении домашнего осла в Средней Азии [On the question of the first appearance of a domestic donkey in Central Asia]” in Доклады Академии Наук СССР (in Russian), volume 56, number 2, page 192
  • Wang, C., Li, H., Guo, Y., Huang, J., Sun, Y., Min, J., Wang, J., Fang, X., Zhao, Z., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Liu, Q., Jiang, Q., Wang, X., Guo, Y., Yang, C., Wang, Y., Tian, F., Zhuang, G., ... Zhong, J. (2020). Donkey genomes provide new insights into domestication and selection for coat color. Nature Communications, 11, Article 6014. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19813-7
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