Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/ku̇tkini

This Proto-Permic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Permic

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *kütke-. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *kütkedäk.

Verb

*ku̇tkini (stem *ku̇tk-)

  1. (transitive) to yoke; harness

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ku̇tkini (stem: *ku̇tk-)
Note: The Proto-Permic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
Present Future Preterite Perfect
1st singular *ku̇tka *ku̇tki *ku̇tkämi
2nd singular *ku̇tkad *ku̇tkid *ku̇tkämid
3rd singular *ku̇tkä *ku̇tkas *ku̇tki *ku̇tkämi
1st plural *ku̇tkami *ku̇tkimi *ku̇tkämmi
2nd plural *ku̇tkadi *ku̇tkidi *ku̇tkämdi
3rd plural *ku̇tka *ku̇tkazi *ku̇tki *ku̇tkämi
Imperative Connegative
Singular *ku̇tki Infinitive *ku̇tkini
Plural *ku̇tkä Gerund *ku̇tkiman
Present participle Imperfect participle Perfect participle Caritive participle
*ku̇tkiś *ku̇tkan *ku̇tkäm *ku̇tkitäm

Descendants

  • Udmurt: кыткыны (kytkyny)
    • Beserman: көткөнө (kåtkånå)

References

  • Sándor Csúcs (2005) Die Rekonstruktion der Permischen Grundsprache (Bibliotheca Uralica; 13) (in German), Akadémiai Kiadó, →ISBN, page 346
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