Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/age

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Ryukyuan

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *ank-a- (“to raise”).

Pronunciation

  • Tone class: A

Verb

*age

  1. to raise
Descendants
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: 上ぎゆい (agiyui)
    • Kunigami: 上ぎーるん (agīrun /⁠ʔàgíːɾûŋ⁠/)
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: 上ぐぃるり (agïruri)
    • Okinawan: 上ぎゆん (agiyun /⁠ʔágíjùŋ⁠/)
    • Okinoerabu: 上ぎゆん (agiyun /⁠ʔàgíjúŋ⁠/)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: 上ぐぃりゅむっ (agïryum)
    • Tokunoshima: 上ぐぃるい (agïrui /⁠ʔàgɨ́ɾúɪ́⁠/)
    • Yoron: 上ぎゅん (agyun /⁠àgjùŋ⁠/)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 上ぎイ゚ (agiɿ)
    • Yaeyama: 上ぎん (agin /⁠ʔágîŋ⁠/), 上ぎるん (agirun /⁠ʔágíɾùŋ⁠/)
    • Yonaguni: 上き゚るん (a'ngirun /⁠àŋíɾúŋ⁠/)

Etymology 2

Likely an extension of Etymology 1 above. This extension also occurred in the Shikoku region, the Chūgoku region, Fukuoka Prefecture and Kagoshima prefecture, where this form is preserved as /age/.

Pronunciation

  • Tone class: A

Verb

*age

  1. land
Descendants
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kunigami: 陸 (agī /⁠ʔàgíː⁠/)
    • Okinawan: 陸 (agi /⁠ʔágì⁠/)
    • Okinoerabu: 陸 (agī /⁠ʔàgíː⁠/)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: 陸 (agi /⁠ʔàgîˑ⁠/)
    • Tokunoshima: 陸 (agï /⁠ʔàgɨ́⁠/)
    • Yoron: 陸 (agi /⁠àgì⁠/)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Yaeyama: 陸 (agi /⁠ʔágì⁠/)
    • Yonaguni: 陸 (a'ngi /⁠ʔàŋí⁠/)
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