Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/šim-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

    From Proto-Afroasiatic *sim- (“name”). Compare with Hausa suna and Central Atlas Tamazight ⵉⵙⵎ (ism), if not borrowed from Arabic.

    Noun

    *šim- m

    1. name

    Inflection

    Declension of *šim-
    case singular dual plural
    nominative *šimum *šimāna plural stem + *-ūna
    accusative *šimam *šimayna plural stem + *-īna
    genitive *šimim
    possessive forms
    1st person *šimī / *šimVya — *šimVni
    2nd person m *šimVka *šimVkumā / *šimVkumay *šimVkum(ū)
    2nd person f *šimVki *šimVkin(ā)
    3rd person m *šimVšu *šimVšumā / *šimVšumay *šimVšum(ū)
    3rd person f *šimVša *šimVšin(ā)

    the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *šimuya for nom. case, *šimiya for gen. case, *šimaya for acc. case, etc.

    Descendants

    • East Semitic:
      • Akkadian: 𒈬 (šumum)
    • West Semitic:
      • Central Semitic:
        • Arabic: اِسْم (ism) (see there for further descendants)
        • Northwest Semitic:
        • Old South Arabian:
      • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Modern South Arabian:
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