Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṣ́abuʕ-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*ṣ́abuʕ- m

hyena

Inflection

Declension of *ṣ́abuʕ-
case	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ṣ́abuʕum	*ṣ́abuʕāna	plural stem + *-ūna
accusative	*ṣ́abuʕam	*ṣ́abuʕayna	plural stem + *-īna
genitive	*ṣ́abuʕim	*ṣ́abuʕayna	plural stem + *-īna

possessive forms
1^st person	ṣ́abuʕī / ṣ́abuʕVya	—	*ṣ́abuʕVni
2^nd person m	*ṣ́abuʕVka	ṣ́abuʕVkumā / ṣ́abuʕVkumay	*ṣ́abuʕVkum(ū)
2^nd person f	*ṣ́abuʕVki	ṣ́abuʕVkumā / ṣ́abuʕVkumay	*ṣ́abuʕVkin(ā)
3^rd person m	*ṣ́abuʕVšu	ṣ́abuʕVšumā / ṣ́abuʕVšumay	*ṣ́abuʕVšum(ū)
3^rd person f	*ṣ́abuʕVša	ṣ́abuʕVšumā / ṣ́abuʕVšumay	*ṣ́abuʕVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ṣ́abuʕuya for nom. case, *ṣ́abuʕiya for gen. case, *ṣ́abuʕaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

East Semitic:
- ⇒ Akkadian: 𒁍𒍮 (būṣum) (with metathesis)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: ضَبُع (ḍabuʕ)
    - Hijazi Arabic: ضبع (ḍabʕ)
    - Moroccan Arabic: ضبع (ḍbaʕ)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic:
      - ⇒ Classical Syriac: ܐܰܦܥܳܐ (ʾap̄ʿā) (with some corruptions)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: צָבוֹעַ (tsabóa', ṣāḇôaʿ)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - ⇒ Ge'ez: ፅዕብ (ṣ́əʿb) (with metathesis)
- Modern South Arabian:
  - Soqotri: ḍabʿ

References

Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 147
Riede, Peter (2002) Im Spiegel der Tiere. Studien zum Verhältnis von Mensch und Tier im alten Israel. (Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis; 187) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, pages 172–173
Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 208