Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/mut-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Hausa mùtûm and possibly Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⴰⵎⵟⵟⵓⵜⵜ (tamṭṭutt, “woman, wife”).

Noun

*mut- m

  1. person, man

Declension

Declension of *mut-
case singular dual plural
nominative *mutum *mutāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *mutam *mutayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *mutim
possessive forms
1st person *mutī / *mutVya — *mutVni
2nd person m *mutVka *mutVkumā / *mutVkumay *mutVkum(ū)
2nd person f *mutVki *mutVkin(ā)
3rd person m *mutVšu *mutVšumā / *mutVšumay *mutVšum(ū)
3rd person f *mutVša *mutVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *mutuya for nom. case, *mutiya for gen. case, *mutaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒁮 (mutum, “husband, man, warrior”)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Canaanite:
        • Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎚 (mt /⁠mutu⁠/, “husband, man, person”)
    • Ethiopian Semitic:
      • Ge'ez: ምት (mət, “man”)

References

  • Kogan, Leonid (2015) Genealogical Classification of Semitic. The Lexical Isoglosses, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
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