Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/ŋuw

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *nguɣw (Coblin, 1986)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *ŋəw (Matisoff, STEDT), *ŋuw (Benedict, 1972; LaPolla, 1987; Michailovsky, 1991), *nguw (*A) (Coblin, 1986)

Verb

*ŋuw

  1. to cry, weep

Descendants

  • Himalayish
    • Proto-Bodish: *ŋu
      • Tibetic
        • Tibetan: ངུ (ngu)
      • Dakpa-Dzala
      • East Bodish
        • Khengkha: ངོ (ngo)
        • Kurtöp: ངོ (ngo), ངོས (ngos)
    • Kiranti: *ŋok- ~ *ŋak- (“cry”) (Michailovsky, 1991)
  • rGyalrongic
    • West rGyalrongic
      • Tangut: 𗥸 (*ŋwu², “to cry, sob”)
  • Naic
    • Proto-Naish: *ŋu
      • Naxi: ngvq (/⁠ŋv̩²¹⁠/)
      • Narua: nguq (/⁠ŋv̩˩˥⁠/)
  • Lolo-Burmese: *ŋəw¹ (“weep”) (Matisoff, 2003)
    • Burmish
      • Achang: ngaus
      • Burmese: ငို (ngui, “to weep, cry, shed tears”)
      • Pela: ŋau⁵⁵ (“to cry”), ŋau⁵⁵ pji⁵¹ (“tear”)
    • Proto-Loloish: *ŋo¹ (“cry”) (Bradley, 1979)
      • Northern Loloish
        • Yi (Liangshan): ꉩ (ngo, “to cry”)
      • Central Loloish
        • Lisu (Southern): ꓥꓴꓻ (ŋu, “to cry”)
  • Nungish:
    • Rawang: ngø (“to cry, to weep”)
    • Trung/Drung/Dulong: ngeu (“to cry”)

See also

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