Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/d-maq

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *dmjak (Coblin, 1986)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *d-mak (STEDT)

The general warfare root in Sino-Tibetan.

  • The *d- pre-initial is a placeholder directly derived from the Tibetan pre-initial. The pre-initial could in fact be any of *t, *d, *k, *g, or *q; all of those would merge as d- in Tibetan before labial initials.
  • The Tibetan descendant དམག (dmag) and its compounds have been borrowed widely by other Sino-Tibetan languages. It is not always easy to tell inherited descendants from borrowings.

Noun

*d-maq

  1. army
  2. soldier
  3. war

Descendants

  • Chinese: 武 (OC /*m(r)aʔ/ (B-S)) (see there for further descendants)
  • Bodish
    • Tibetic
      • Tibetan: དམག (dmag) (see there for further descendants)
  • Naic
    • Proto-Naish: *mak (“soldier”)
      • ⇒ Naxi: muqga (/⁠mu²¹kɑ³³⁠/)
      • ⇒ Narua: mosso (/⁠mo˩zo˥⁠/)
    • Namuyi: mā (“army”)
  • Proto-Lolo-Burmese: *makᴸ (“soldier”)
    • Burmish
    • Proto-Loloish: *C-makᴸ
      • Northern Loloish
        • Nuosu: ꂽ (mot)
      • Lisoish
        • Lisu: ꓟꓯꓼ (mæ̱̀)
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