Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/i

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

See DeLancey (2019) for the compared pronouns.[1] This pronoun is frequently found compounded with another element.

In Tangkhul, this pronoun became singular due to a leveling of the pronominal paradigm to contain the same root across all three grammatical numbers.

Pronoun

*i (singular *ŋa)

  1. we, us

Descendants

  • ⇒ Tshangla: ཨའི (a'i)
  • rGyalrongic
    • West rGyalrongic
      • ⇒ Stau: ŋa-ji
    • East rGyalrongic
  • Nungish
    • Drung: ing (with unexplained final nasal)
  • Jingpho-Asakian
    • Jingpho: i (Turung dialect), ⇒ in (dual), ihte (plural) (Dulien dialect), i hteng (dialectal)
  • Central Naga
    • ⇒ Ao: ìsa, ìla (Mongsen)
  • Tangkhulic
    • Tangkhul Naga: i (“I”)
  • Kiranti
    • ⇒ Chamling: कै

References

  1. ^ DeLancey, Scott (2019) “Non-singular pronouns in Tibeto-Burman (Trans-Himalayan)”, in Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, volume 42, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 110–136
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