Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/tsik

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *tsik (Coblin, 1986)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *tsik (Matisoff, STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Coblin, 1986; Chou, 1972)

Several Sino-Tibetan languages, including Burmese (ဆစ် (hcac, “to chop, cut off”)) and Chinese (切 (OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd, “to cut”)), have a similar-souding root meaning "to chop, cut"; said "cut" root appears to be related to *tsik via semantic extension. For a semantic parallel in an unrelated language, compare English section and segment, both from a root meaning "to cut".

Noun

*tsik

  1. joint, section

Verb

*tsik

  1. to cut, chop

Descendants

  • Chinese: 節 / 节 (*tsˁik ("B-S"), *ʔsiːg (ZS), “joint, knot, mode, section; period, festival”), 膝 (*s-tsik ("B-S"), *siɡ (ZS), “knee”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Bodish
    • Tibetan
      • Tibetan: ཚིགས (tshigs, “joint, junction, link; verse line”)
  • rGyalrongic:
    • rGyalrong:
      • Japhug: tɯ-rtsɤɣ
      • Situ: rə-rtsə̄k (Brag-bar)
  • Naic
    • Proto-Naish: *rtseɣ
      • Naxi: zherl (/⁠ʈʂɚ⁵⁵⁠/)
      • Narua: zhaeq (/⁠ʈʂæ˧˥⁠/)
  • Lolo-Burmese: *ʔdzik ⪤ *ʔdzak (“joint”) (Matisoff, 1972); *ʔ-dzikᴸ (Matisoff, 2003)
    • Burmish
    • Loloish: *C-dzikᴸ (Bradley, 1979)
      • Northern Loloish
        • Yi (Liangshan): ꊨ (zyt, “joint, section; to fasten or join pieces together”)
      • Central Loloish
        • Lisu (Southern): ꓝꓲꓸ (tsɨ́, “joint, joist, house stud; time, season”)

See also

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