Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľudina

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *ľudъ or *ľudь +‎ *-ina.

Noun

*ľudina f^[1]

a large man
man, person, human being

Declension

Declension of *ľudina (hard a-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ľudina	*ľudině	*ľudiny
genitive	*ľudiny	*ľudinu	*ľudinъ
dative	*ľudině	*ľudinama	*ľudinamъ
accusative	*ľudinǫ	*ľudině	*ľudiny
instrumental	ľudinojǫ, ľudinǫ^**	*ľudinama	*ľudinami
locative	*ľudině	*ľudinu	ľudinasъ, ľudinaxъ^*
vocative	*ľudino	*ľudině	*ľudiny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *людина (*ljudina)
  - Old Ruthenian: *люди́на (*ljudína)
    - Belarusian: люды́на (ljudýna), людзі́на (ljudzína) (dialectal)
    - Ukrainian: люди́на (ljudýna)
  - Russian: люди́на (ljudína) (dialectal)
South Slavic:
- Old Serbo-Croatian: ļùdina (14ᵗʰ c.)
  - Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: љу̀дина
    
    Latin script: ljùdina
West Slavic:
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: ludźina

References

^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*ľudina/*ľudinъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 192

[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*ľudina/*ľudinъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 192

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