Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žętva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *žęti (“to reap, mow”) +‎ *-tva. Compare Sanskrit हन्त्व (hántva, “to be killed or slain”).

Noun

*žę̀tva f

harvest

Inflection

Declension of *žę̀tva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žę̀tva	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvy
genitive	*žę̀tvy	*žę̀tvu	*žę̀tvъ
dative	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvama	*žę̀tvamъ
accusative	*žę̀tvǫ	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvy
instrumental	žę̀tvojǫ, žę̀tvǭ^**	*žę̀tvama	*žę̀tvamī
locative	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvu	žę̀tvasъ, žę̀tvaxъ^*
vocative	*žę̀tvo	*žę̀tvě	*žę̀tvy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: жѧтва (žętva)
  - Russian: жатва (žatva)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: жѧтва (žętva)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰶⱔⱅⰲⰰ (žętva)
- Bulgarian: жъ́тва (žǎ́tva), же́нтва (žéntva) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: жетва (žetva)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: же̏тва
  
  Latin script: žȅtva
- Slovene: žêtva
West Slavic:
- Czech: žatva (literary)
- Slovak: žatva
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: žetwa

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жатва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress