Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/židъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Likely through some Balkan Romance dialect, from Old Italian giudeo, from Latin iūdaeus.

The secondary meaning giant/mythical person is likely derived from the meaning Jew based on the Biblical tradition that Jews were the "chosen people" by God. Vasmer, nonetheless, presumes a native origin (see dial. Russian жиди (židi)).

Noun

*židъ m[1]

  1. Jew
  2. giant, mythical person
    (by generalization) mythical creature

Declension

Declension of *žìdъ (u-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *žìdъ *žìdy *žìdove
genitive *žìdu *žìdovu *žìdovъ
dative *žìdovi *žìdъma *žìdъmъ
accusative *žìdъ *žìdy *žìdy
instrumental *žìdъmь *žìdъma *žìdъmī
locative *žìdū *žìdovu *žìdъxъ
vocative *žìdu *žìdy *žìdove
Declension of *žìdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *žìdъ *žìda *žìdi
genitive *žìda *žìdu *žìdъ
dative *žìdu *žìdoma *žìdomъ
accusative *žìdъ *žìda *žìdy
instrumental *žìdъmь, *žìdomь* *žìdoma *žìdȳ
locative *žìdě *žìdu *žìdě̄xъ
vocative *žìde *žìda *žìdi

* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

  • *židovьskъ (Jewish)
  • *židovinъ (Jewish person)

Descendants

  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: жидовинъ (židovinŭ)
      unspecified script:
      • Old East Slavic: жидъ (židŭ), жидинъ (židinŭ), жидовинъ (židovinŭ)
        • Old Ruthenian: *жидъ (*žid)
        • Russian: жид (žid)
          • Yiddish: זשיד (zhid) (derogatory)
          • Latvian: žīds (derogatory)
      • Romanian: jidov
    • Bulgarian: жид (žid)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: жи̏д, жидов, Жи̏д, Жидов
      Latin script: žȉd, židov, Žȉd, Židov
    • Old Hungarian: sydou
    • Slovene: žȉd, Žȉd (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жид”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жиди”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жид”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 543

References

  1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “židъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander:a (PR 131); b (RPT 97)