Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьma

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Compare with Lithuanian -imas.

Suffix

*-ьma f[1]

  1. Deverbal, from the root, forming nouns.
    *kъrčiti → *kъrčьma (“tavern”)
    *kùčati (“to bend, to bow”) → *kučьma (“crest”)
    *vě̀děti (“to foresee”) → *vě̀dьma (“witch”)
    *rъvàti (“to tear”) → *rьzьma (“escarp, slope”)

Declension

Declension of *-ьma (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *-ьma *-ьmě *-ьmy
genitive *-ьmy *-ьmu *-ьmъ
dative *-ьmě *-ьmama *-ьmamъ
accusative *-ьmǫ *-ьmě *-ьmy
instrumental *-ьmojǫ, *-ьmǫ** *-ьmama *-ьmami
locative *-ьmě *-ьmu *-ьmasъ, *-ьmaxъ*
vocative *-ьmo *-ьmě *-ьmy

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

See also

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьma
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrčьma
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vědьma

References

  1. ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “*-ьma”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 16

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kъrčьma”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 211
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