Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/balъka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

*bala +‎ *-ъka

Noun

*balъka f

  1. diminutive of *bala (“ravine, pool”)

Declension

Declension of *balъka (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *balъka *balъcě *balъky
genitive *balъky *balъku *balъkъ
dative *balъcě *balъkama *balъkamъ
accusative *balъkǫ *balъcě *balъky
instrumental *balъkojǫ, *balъkǫ** *balъkama *balъkami
locative *balъcě *balъku *balъkasъ, *balъkaxъ*
vocative *balъko *balъcě *balъky

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: ба́лка (bálka, “ravine, gorge”) (dialectal)
    • Middle Ukrainian: ба́лка (bálka)
  • West Slavic:
    • Polish: bałka (“small lake”) (dialectal, possibly borrowed from East Slavic)

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*balъka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 149
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “балка”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “балка¹”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 127
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