Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dęsna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *déntsnāˀ, from *dantís, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.

Noun

*dę̄snà f[1][2][3][4]

  1. gingiva

Declension

Declension of *dę̄snà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *dę̄snà *dę̃sně *dę̄snỳ
genitive *dę̄snỳ *dę̄snù *dę̃snъ
dative *dę̄sně̀ *dę̄snàma *dę̄snàmъ
accusative *dę̄snǫ̀ *dę̃sně *dę̄snỳ
instrumental *dę̄snòjǫ, *dę̃snǫ** *dę̄snàma *dę̄snàmī
locative *dę̄sně̀ *dę̄snù *dę̄snàsъ, *dę̄snàxъ*
vocative *dęsno *dę̃sně *dę̄snỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: дѧсна́ (dęsná)
      • Old Ruthenian: дѧсна́ (djasná), дєсна́ (djesná)
      • Middle Russian: дѧсна́ (djasná)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Old Cyrillic script: дѧсна (dęsna)
      Glagolitic script: ⰴⱔⱄⱀⰰ (dęsna)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: де̑сни f pl, де̑сна
      Latin script: dȇsni f pl, dȇsna
    • Slovene: dlẹ̑sen (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “десна́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “dęsno / dęslo, dęsna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 26
  2. ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1979), “dęsna”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 3 (davьnъ – dobirati sę), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 98
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dę̄snò; *dę̄snà; *dę̄slò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113: “n. o; f. ā; n. o (b) ‘gum’”
  4. ^ Sayenko, Mikhail N. (2024) “Праславянское название десны: сложности реконструкции [The Proto-Slavic Name for the Gingiva: Difficulties of Reconstruction]”, in Славянский мир в третьем тысячелетии [Slavic World in the Third Millennium]‎[1] (in Russian), volume 19, numbers 1–2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, →DOI, page 105‒131
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