Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrnǫti
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Formed as *dьrgati + *-nǫti, from Proto-Indo-European *derHgʰ-, likely an extension of Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”).
Verb
*dьrnǫti pf (imperfective *dьrgati)
Alternative forms
- *dьrgnǫti (prior to the contraction *-gn- > *-n-)
Inflection
Conjugation of *dьrnǫti, *dьrnǫ, *dьrnetь (perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *dьrnovenьje | *dьrnǫti | *dьrnǫtъ | *dьrnǫlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *dьrnovenъ | — |
| Active | *dьrnǫvъ | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dьrnǫxъ | *dьrnǫ | *dьrnǫ | *dьrnǫ | *dьrneši | *dьrnetь |
| Dual | *dьrnǫxově | *dьrnǫsta | *dьrnǫste | *dьrnevě | *dьrneta | *dьrnete |
| Plural | *dьrnǫxomъ | *dьrnǫste | *dьrnǫšę | *dьrnemъ | *dьrnete | *dьrnǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *dьrni | *dьrni |
| Dual | — | — | — | *dьrněvě | *dьrněta | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *dьrněmъ | *dьrněte | — |
- Notes:
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: дёрнуть (djórnutʹ)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: drhnouti[2]
- ⇒ Czech: drhnout
- Polabian: dargnǫt
- Polish: dzierzgnąć[3]
- ⇒ Polish: zadzierzgnąć
- Slovak: drhnúť[4]
- Slovincian: dzêrznõc
- Czech: drhnouti[2]
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дёрнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrgnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 221
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дръгна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 435
References
- ^ Đuro Daničić, Matija Valjavac, Pero Budmani, editor (1884–1886), “drnuti”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika[1] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 2, Zagreb: JAZU, page 785
- ^ František Št. Kott (1878) “drhnouti”, in Česko-německý slovník zvláště grammaticko-fraseologický (in Czech), Prague: Josef Kolář, page 308
- ^ J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “dzierzgnąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 645
- ^ Peciar, Štefan, editor (1959), “drhnúť”, in Slovník slovenského jazyka [Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1 (A – K), Bratislava: Vydavateľstvo SAV, →OCLC, page 329
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dьrnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136