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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From the same root as *dьrzati + *-nǫti; see *dьrzati for further etymology. Compare also Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to dare”) (cognate per Derksen and Trubachev, not necessarily per Vasmer or Chernykh).
Verb
*dьrznǫti pf[1][2]
- to dare
Inflection
Conjugation of
*dьrznǫti, *dьrznǫ, *dьrznetь (
perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *dьrznovenьje
|
*dьrznǫti
|
*dьrznǫtъ
|
*dьrznǫlъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*dьrznovenъ
|
—
|
| Active
|
*dьrznǫvъ
|
—
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*dьrznǫxъ |
*dьrznǫ |
*dьrznǫ
|
*dьrznǫ |
*dьrzneši |
*dьrznetь
|
| Dual
|
*dьrznǫxově |
*dьrznǫsta |
*dьrznǫste
|
*dьrznevě |
*dьrzneta |
*dьrznete
|
| Plural
|
*dьrznǫxomъ |
*dьrznǫste |
*dьrznǫšę
|
*dьrznemъ |
*dьrznete |
*dьrznǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
— |
— |
—
|
— |
*dьrzni |
*dьrzni
|
| Dual
|
— |
— |
—
|
*dьrzněvě |
*dьrzněta |
—
|
| Plural
|
— |
— |
—
|
*dьrzněmъ |
*dьrzněte |
—
|
Notes: - In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Conjugation of
*dьrznǫti, *dьrze, *dьrznetь (
perf., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *dьrzenьje
|
*dьrznǫti
|
*dьrznǫtъ
|
*dьrzlъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*dьrzenъ
|
—
|
| Active
|
*dьrzъ
|
—
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*dьrz(ox)ъ |
*dьrze |
*dьrze
|
*dьrznǫ |
*dьrzneši |
*dьrznetь
|
| Dual
|
*dьrz(ox)ově |
*dьrz(e/os)ta |
*dьrz(e/os)te
|
*dьrznevě |
*dьrzneta |
*dьrznete
|
| Plural
|
*dьrz(ox)omъ |
*dьrz(e/os)te |
*dьrzǫ, *dьrzošę
|
*dьrznemъ |
*dьrznete |
*dьrznǫtь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
— |
— |
—
|
— |
*dьrzni |
*dьrzni
|
| Dual
|
— |
— |
—
|
*dьrzněvě |
*dьrzněta |
—
|
| Plural
|
— |
— |
—
|
*dьrzněmъ |
*dьrzněte |
—
|
Notes: - In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дьрзнѫти (dĭrznǫti), дьръзнѫти (dĭrŭznǫti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: дрьзнѫти (drĭznǫti), дръзнѫти (drŭznǫti)
- Bulgarian: дръ́зна (drǎ́zna)
- Macedonian: дрзне (drzne)
- → Old East Slavic: дрьзнѫти (drĭznǫti)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: др̏знути
- Latin script: dȑznuti
- Slovene: dŕzniti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: drznúti
- Old Polish: darznąć
- Slovincian: dzyrznõc
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “де́рзкий”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 244
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrznǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 227
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дерза́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dьrznǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 137: “v.”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “?dьrznǫti: dьrznǫ dьrznetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b ? (PR 137)”