Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/davati
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dōˀwāˀtei, iterative of *dṓˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-. Constructed as if *da(ti) + *-vati, with the same suffix found in iterative (later imperfective) *stavati (“to stand”), *-znavati (“to know”), etc. Compare Latvian dãvât (“to give (iterative)”), Lithuanian daviaũ (“I gave”, past), Ancient Greek δοϝέναι (dowénai, “to give (iterative)”) (Cypriot dialect), Sanskrit दावने (dāváne).[1]
In Lithuanian, the cognate of this verb is employed in the construction of the (indicative) past frequentative tense.
Per Derksen, the 1sg. *dajǫ is built off the aorist stem.
Verb
*dāvàti impf (perfective *dati)[1]
- to give (iterative)
Inflection
Conjugation of *davati, *dava, *davajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *davanьje | *davati | *davatъ | *davalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *davanъ | *davajemъ |
| Active | *davavъ | *davaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davaxъ | *dava | *dava | *davajǫ | *davaješi | *davajetь |
| Dual | *davaxově | *davasta | *davaste | *davajevě | *davajeta | *davajete |
| Plural | *davaxomъ | *davaste | *davašę | *davajemъ | *davajete | *davajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davaaxъ | *davaaše | *davaaše | — | *davaji | *davaji |
| Dual | *davaaxově | *davaašeta | *davaašete | *davajivě | *davajita | — |
| Plural | *davaaxomъ | *davaašete | *davaaxǫ | *davajimъ | *davajite | — |
Conjugation of *davati, *dava, *dajetь (impf., -va/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *davanьje | *davati | *davatъ | *davalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *davanъ | *dajemъ |
| Active | *davavъ | *daję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davaxъ | *dava | *dava | *dajǫ | *daješi | *dajetь |
| Dual | *davaxově | *davasta | *davaste | *dajevě | *dajeta | *dajete |
| Plural | *davaxomъ | *davaste | *davašę | *dajemъ | *dajete | *dajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davaaxъ | *davaaše | *davaaše | — | *daji | *daji |
| Dual | *davaaxově | *davaašeta | *davaašete | *dajivě | *dajita | — |
| Plural | *davaaxomъ | *davaašete | *davaaxǫ | *dajimъ | *dajite | — |
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дава́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “дать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 232
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*davati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 197
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dāvàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 96: “v.”