Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/družьja

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *drȗgъ +‎ *-ьja.

Noun

*družьjà f

  1. friends

Declension

According to the Dybo’s system, the form belongs to the accent type B and to the accent curve variant Bc.

Declension of *družьja (soft a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *družьja *družьji *družьję̇
genitive *družьję̇ *družьju *družьjь
dative *družьji *družьjama *družьjamъ
accusative *družьjǫ *družьji *družьję̇
instrumental *družьjejǫ, *družьjǫ** *družьjama *družьjami
locative *družьji *družьju *družьjasъ, *družьjaxъ*
vocative *družьje *družьji *družьję̇

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: друзья́ (druzʹjá), дружья́ (družʹjá) (dialectal)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Croatian: Дрꙋзја̀
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