Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gomola

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

  • *gomoľa, *gomoľь (South Slavic)
  • *gomula, *gomyla

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Indo-European *gom- (“to squeeze, to press”) + *-ola. Cognate with Lithuanian gãmalas (“chunk, lump”).

A secondary form *gomyla (“lump; mound”), attested in several branches, was probably influenced by Proto-Slavic *mogyla (“mound”).

Noun

*gomola f[1]

  1. lump
  2. clod

Inflection

Declension of *gomola (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *gomola *gomolě *gomoly
genitive *gomoly *gomolu *gomolъ
dative *gomolě *gomolama *gomolamъ
accusative *gomolǫ *gomolě *gomoly
instrumental *gomolojǫ, *gomolǫ** *gomolama *gomolami
locative *gomolě *gomolu *gomolasъ, *gomolaxъ*
vocative *gomolo *gomolě *gomoly

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: гому́ла (homúla)
    • Russian: гомо́ла (gomóla), гомы́ла (gomýla)
    • Ukrainian: гоми́ла (homýla)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: гомола (gomola) (Russian recension)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: го̀мољ, го̀моља, го̀мила
      Latin script: gòmolj, gòmolja, gòmila
    • Slovene: gomȏlj, gomólja, gomóla (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

References

  1. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “gomolj”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *gomoľь̏, gomola̋, *gomoľa̋”

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гомо́ла”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “гомілка”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gomola/*gomolъ/*gomula/*gomyla”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 18
  • “gamalas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
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