Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gorďa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdjāˀ. Perhaps with borrowing in Proto-Mordvinic *kardə; Erzya кардо (kardo, “stable”), Moksha карда (karda, “stable”)?

Apparently, this form confirms the barytone accent paradigm in the form *gárdas (“enclosure”), which was reconstructed on the basis of a small material.

Noun

*gõrďa f^[1]^[2]

fence

Inflection

Declension of *gõrďa (soft a-stem, accent paradigm b)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gõrďa	*gõrďi	*gõrďę̇
genitive	*gõrďę̇	*gõrďu	*gõrďь
dative	*gõrďi	*gõrďama	*gõrďamъ
accusative	*gõrďǫ	*gõrďi	*gõrďę̇
instrumental	gõrďejǫ, gõrďǫ^**	*gõrďama	*gõrďamī
locative	*gõrďi	*gõrďu	gõrďasъ, gõrďaxъ^*
vocative	*gorďe	*gõrďi	*gõrďę̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Alternative forms

*gõrďь

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: горо́жа (goróža)
  - Belarusian: гаро́жа (haróža)
    (Drahichyn): горо́джа (horódža)
  - Russian: горо́жа (goróža)
  - Ukrainian: горо́жа (horóža)
South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: гра̑ђа
  
  Latin script: grȃđa
  
  (Chakavian): grãja
- Slovene: grāja (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hrázě
  - Czech: hráz
- Polish: grodza
- Slovak: hrádza

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*górdjь; *górdja”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 178: “m. jo; f. jā (b) ‘fence’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gordja”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a:b (PR 132)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*górdjь; *górdja”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 178: “m. jo; f. jā (b) ‘fence’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “gordja”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a:b (PR 132)”

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