Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gospoda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis
    Proto-Indo-European *pótis
    Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstipotis
    Proto-Balto-Slavic *gástipatis
    Proto-Slavic *gospodь
    Proto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀ
    Proto-Slavic *-a
    Proto-Slavic *gospoda

    From *gospodь (“lord”) +‎ *-a (“collective suffix”), akin to Latin hospitālis (“hospitable”).

    Noun

    *gospodà f[1]

    1. dominion, sovereignty, property
    2. (by specialization) hostel, tavern, inn
      Synonym: *gosti(lь)nica

    Inflection

    Declension of *gospodà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *gospodà *gospòdě *gospodỳ
    genitive *gospodỳ *gospodù *gospòdъ
    dative *gospodě̀ *gospodàma *gospodàmъ
    accusative *gospodǫ̀ *gospòdě *gospodỳ
    instrumental *gospodòjǫ, *gospòdǫ** *gospodàma *gospodàmī
    locative *gospodě̀ *gospodù *gospodàsъ, *gospodàxъ*
    vocative *gospodo *gospòdě *gospodỳ

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: господа (gospoda, “dominion”)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⱄⱂⱁⰴⰰ (gospoda)
        Old Cyrillic script: господа (gospoda, “hostel”)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: госпо̀да
        Latin script: gospòda
      • Slovene: gospóda (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:

    References

    1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “gospoda gospody”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b herskab (PR 135)”

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “господа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gospoda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 58
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