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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *grěxovъ + *-ьnъ, from *grěxъ + *-ovъ.
Adjective
*grěxovьnъ[1][2]
- (possibly South Slavic) sinful
Declension
Indefinite declension of *grěxovьnъ (hard)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*grěxovьnъ
|
*grěxovьna
|
*grěxovьno
|
| genitive
|
*grěxovьna
|
*grěxovьny
|
*grěxovьna
|
| dative
|
*grěxovьnu
|
*grěxovьně
|
*grěxovьnu
|
| accusative
|
*grěxovьnъ
|
*grěxovьnǫ
|
*grěxovьno
|
| instrumental
|
*grěxovьnomь
|
*grěxovьnojǫ
|
*grěxovьnomь
|
| locative
|
*grěxovьně
|
*grěxovьně
|
*grěxovьně
|
| vocative
|
*grěxovьne
|
*grěxovьno
|
*grěxovьno
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*grěxovьna
|
*grěxovьně
|
*grěxovьně
|
| genitive
|
*grěxovьnu
|
*grěxovьnu
|
*grěxovьnu
|
| dative
|
*grěxovьnoma
|
*grěxovьnama
|
*grěxovьnoma
|
| accusative
|
*grěxovьna
|
*grěxovьně
|
*grěxovьně
|
| instrumental
|
*grěxovьnoma
|
*grěxovьnama
|
*grěxovьnoma
|
| locative
|
*grěxovьnu
|
*grěxovьnu
|
*grěxovьnu
|
| vocative
|
*grěxovьna
|
*grěxovьně
|
*grěxovьně
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*grěxovьni
|
*grěxovьny
|
*grěxovьna
|
| genitive
|
*grěxovьnъ
|
*grěxovьnъ
|
*grěxovьnъ
|
| dative
|
*grěxovьnomъ
|
*grěxovьnamъ
|
*grěxovьnomъ
|
| accusative
|
*grěxovьny
|
*grěxovьny
|
*grěxovьna
|
| instrumental
|
*grěxovьny
|
*grěxovьnami
|
*grěxovьny
|
| locative
|
*grěxovьněxъ
|
*grěxovьnaxъ
|
*grěxovьněxъ
|
| vocative
|
*grěxovьni
|
*grěxovьny
|
*grěxovьna
|
Definite declension of *grěxovьnъ (hard)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*grěxovьnъjь
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
*grěxovьnoje
|
| genitive
|
*grěxovьnajego
|
*grěxovьnyję̇
|
*grěxovьnajego
|
| dative
|
*grěxovьnujemu
|
*grěxovьněji
|
*grěxovьnujemu
|
| accusative
|
*grěxovьnъjь
|
*grěxovьnǫjǫ
|
*grěxovьnoje
|
| instrumental
|
*grěxovьnyjimь
|
*grěxovьnǫjǫ
|
*grěxovьnyjimь
|
| locative
|
*grěxovьnějemь
|
*grěxovьněji
|
*grěxovьnějemь
|
| vocative
|
*grěxovьnъjь
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
*grěxovьnoje
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
*grěxovьněji
|
*grěxovьněji
|
| genitive
|
*grěxovьnuju
|
*grěxovьnuju
|
*grěxovьnuju
|
| dative
|
*grěxovьnyjima
|
*grěxovьnyjima
|
*grěxovьnyjima
|
| accusative
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
*grěxovьněji
|
*grěxovьněji
|
| instrumental
|
*grěxovьnyjima
|
*grěxovьnyjima
|
*grěxovьnyjima
|
| locative
|
*grěxovьnuju
|
*grěxovьnuju
|
*grěxovьnuju
|
| vocative
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
*grěxovьněji
|
*grěxovьněji
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*grěxovьniji
|
*grěxovьnyję̇
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
| genitive
|
*grěxovьnъjixъ
|
*grěxovьnъjixъ
|
*grěxovьnъjixъ
|
| dative
|
*grěxovьnyjimъ
|
*grěxovьnyjimъ
|
*grěxovьnyjimъ
|
| accusative
|
*grěxovьnyję̇
|
*grěxovьnyję̇
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
| instrumental
|
*grěxovьnyjimi
|
*grěxovьnyjimi
|
*grěxovьnyjimi
|
| locative
|
*grěxovьnyjixъ
|
*grěxovьnyjixъ
|
*grěxovьnyjixъ
|
| vocative
|
*grěxovьniji
|
*grěxovьnyję̇
|
*grěxovьnaja
|
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- >? Old East Slavic: грѣховьнъ (grěxovĭnŭ) (possibly borrowed from OCS)
- Old Ruthenian: грѣхо́вный (hrěxóvnyj)
- Carpathian Rusyn: грїхо́вный (hrjixóvnŷj)
- Ukrainian: гріхо́вний (hrixóvnyj)
- Russian: грехо́вный (grexóvnyj)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: грѣховьнъ (grěxovĭnŭ)
- Glagolitic script: ⰳⱃⱑⱈⱁⰲⱐⱀⱏ (grěxovĭnŭ)
- Bulgarian: грехо̀вен (grehòven)
- Church Slavonic: грѣховьнꙑи (grěxovĭnyi) (Russian recension)
- >? Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: грѐхо̄ван
- Latin script: grèhōvan
References
- ^ Anikin, A. E. (2018) “грех I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 12 (грак – дбать), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 87: “*grěxovьnъ(jь) ― *grěxovʹnʺ(jʹ)”
- ^ Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki, page 271: “grěxovьnъ ‘sinful’ ← grěxъ ‘sin’, possibly an old */u/-stem”