Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kresati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Cognate with Lithuanian krešė́ti (“to clot, to dry and harden”), perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *kreḱ- (“to strike, beat”), and cognate with Ancient Greek κρέκω (krékō, “to weave; to strike a stringed instrument with a plectrum”), κρόκη (krókē, “thread, woof”),^[1] Proto-Germanic *hrahilaz (“reed of a loom”) (whence English reel), and *hragilą (“garment”).^[2]

Yakulis alternatively derives the Baltic and Slavic terms from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”).^[3]

Verb

*kresati^[4]

to strike fire

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kresati, *kresa, *krešetь (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*kresanьje	*kresati	*kresatъ	*kresalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*kresanъ	*krešemъ
Active	*kresavъ	*krešę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*kresaxъ	*kresa	*kresa	*krešǫ	*krešeši	*krešetь
Dual	*kresaxově	*kresasta	*kresaste	*kreševě	*krešeta	*krešete
Plural	*kresaxomъ	*kresaste	*kresašę	*krešemъ	*krešete	*krešǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*kresaaxъ	*kresaaše	*kresaaše	—	*kreši	*kreši
Dual	*kresaaxově	*kresaašeta	*kresaašete	*krešivě	*krešita	—
Plural	*kresaaxomъ	*kresaašete	*kresaaxǫ	*krešimъ	*krešite	—

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: краса́ць (krasácʹ)
- Russian: креса́ть (kresátʹ), креси́ть (kresítʹ) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: креса́ти (kresáty)
South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: крѐсати
  
  Latin script: krèsati
- Slovene: kresáti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: křesati
  - Czech: křesat
- Kashubian: krzosac
- Polish: krzesać, krzosać (dialectal)
- Slovak: kresať
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: kśasaś (dialectal)
  - Upper Sorbian: křesać

References

^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “krešė́ti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 313
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κρέκω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 774-5
^ “krešėti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kresati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 124