Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kudo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncharacteristic o-grade s-stem, reflecting Proto-Indo-European *kówdos. Per Derksen, secondary formation from the e-grade Proto-Slavic *čudo (“wonder, miracle”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *huską, *huskaz.

Noun

*kudo n

  1. paranormal activity (e.g. sorcery, miracle, nearly impossible event)

Alternative forms

  • *kudъ (“evil spirit”) (о-stem)
  • *kudь (“magic, paranormal activity”) (i-stem)
  • *kudesъ (reanalyzed from the oblique cases)

Declension

Declension of *kudo (s-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *kudo *kudesi *kudesa
genitive *kudese *kudesu *kudesъ
dative *kudesi *kudesьma *kudesьmъ
accusative *kudo *kudesi *kudesa
instrumental *kudesьmь *kudesьma *kudesy
locative *kudese *kudesu *kudesьxъ
vocative *kudo *kudesi *kudesa

Derived terms

  • *kudesiti (“to perform a miracle/magic”)
  • *kudesьnъ (“paranormal, miraculous”)
  • *kudesьnikъ (“mage, sorcerer”)

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: кудь m (kudĭ, “magic, sorcery”)
    • Russian: кудеса́ n (kudesá, “miracles performed through an evil force”), ку́десь f (kúdesʹ, “sorcery”) (dialectal)
  • West Slavic:
    • ⇒ Polish: kudyś m (“evil spirit, devil”) (dialectal)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “куд”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kudo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 83

References

  • Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kudo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 255
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