Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lěnivъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *lěnь (laziness) +‎ *-ivъ.

Adjective

*lěnìvъ[1]

  1. lazy
  2. sluggish

Inflection

Indefinite declension of *lěnivъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *lěnivъ *lěniva *lěnivo
genitive *lěniva *lěnivy *lěniva
dative *lěnivu *lěnivě *lěnivu
accusative *lěnivъ *lěnivǫ *lěnivo
instrumental *lěnivomь *lěnivojǫ *lěnivomь
locative *lěnivě *lěnivě *lěnivě
vocative *lěnive *lěnivo *lěnivo
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *lěniva *lěnivě *lěnivě
genitive *lěnivu *lěnivu *lěnivu
dative *lěnivoma *lěnivama *lěnivoma
accusative *lěniva *lěnivě *lěnivě
instrumental *lěnivoma *lěnivama *lěnivoma
locative *lěnivu *lěnivu *lěnivu
vocative *lěniva *lěnivě *lěnivě
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *lěnivi *lěnivy *lěniva
genitive *lěnivъ *lěnivъ *lěnivъ
dative *lěnivomъ *lěnivamъ *lěnivomъ
accusative *lěnivy *lěnivy *lěniva
instrumental *lěnivy *lěnivami *lěnivy
locative *lěnivěxъ *lěnivaxъ *lěnivěxъ
vocative *lěnivi *lěnivy *lěniva
Definite declension of *lěnivъ (hard)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *lěnivъjь *lěnivaja *lěnivoje
genitive *lěnivajego *lěnivyję̇ *lěnivajego
dative *lěnivujemu *lěnivěji *lěnivujemu
accusative *lěnivъjь *lěnivǫjǫ *lěnivoje
instrumental *lěnivyjimь *lěnivǫjǫ *lěnivyjimь
locative *lěnivějemь *lěnivěji *lěnivějemь
vocative *lěnivъjь *lěnivaja *lěnivoje
dual masculine feminine neuter
nominative *lěnivaja *lěnivěji *lěnivěji
genitive *lěnivuju *lěnivuju *lěnivuju
dative *lěnivyjima *lěnivyjima *lěnivyjima
accusative *lěnivaja *lěnivěji *lěnivěji
instrumental *lěnivyjima *lěnivyjima *lěnivyjima
locative *lěnivuju *lěnivuju *lěnivuju
vocative *lěnivaja *lěnivěji *lěnivěji
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *lěniviji *lěnivyję̇ *lěnivaja
genitive *lěnivъjixъ *lěnivъjixъ *lěnivъjixъ
dative *lěnivyjimъ *lěnivyjimъ *lěnivyjimъ
accusative *lěnivyję̇ *lěnivyję̇ *lěnivaja
instrumental *lěnivyjimi *lěnivyjimi *lěnivyjimi
locative *lěnivyjixъ *lěnivyjixъ *lěnivyjixъ
vocative *lěniviji *lěnivyję̇ *lěnivaja

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: ляні́вы (ljanívy)
    • Russian: лени́вый (lenívyj)
    • Ukrainian: ліни́вий (linývyj)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: лѣнивъ (lěnivŭ, lazy)
      Glagolitic: ⰾⱑⱀⰻⰲⱏ (lěnivŭ)
    • Bulgarian: лени́в (lenív, lazy, sluggish)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      unspecified script: [Term?] (lazy)
      Latin script: ljèniv
    • Slovene: lenìv (lazy, sluggish)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: lenivý (lazy, sluggish)
    • Polish: leniwy (lazy, sluggish)
    • Slovak: lenivý (lazy, sluggish)
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: lěniwy

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лени́вый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*lěnìvъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 272:adj. ‘lazy, sluggish’