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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *lъžь (“lie”) + *-ьnъ.
Adjective
*lъžьnъ
- false
Declension
Indefinite declension of *lъžьnъ (hard)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lъžьnъ
|
*lъžьna
|
*lъžьno
|
| genitive
|
*lъžьna
|
*lъžьny
|
*lъžьna
|
| dative
|
*lъžьnu
|
*lъžьně
|
*lъžьnu
|
| accusative
|
*lъžьnъ
|
*lъžьnǫ
|
*lъžьno
|
| instrumental
|
*lъžьnomь
|
*lъžьnojǫ
|
*lъžьnomь
|
| locative
|
*lъžьně
|
*lъžьně
|
*lъžьně
|
| vocative
|
*lъžьne
|
*lъžьno
|
*lъžьno
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lъžьna
|
*lъžьně
|
*lъžьně
|
| genitive
|
*lъžьnu
|
*lъžьnu
|
*lъžьnu
|
| dative
|
*lъžьnoma
|
*lъžьnama
|
*lъžьnoma
|
| accusative
|
*lъžьna
|
*lъžьně
|
*lъžьně
|
| instrumental
|
*lъžьnoma
|
*lъžьnama
|
*lъžьnoma
|
| locative
|
*lъžьnu
|
*lъžьnu
|
*lъžьnu
|
| vocative
|
*lъžьna
|
*lъžьně
|
*lъžьně
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lъžьni
|
*lъžьny
|
*lъžьna
|
| genitive
|
*lъžьnъ
|
*lъžьnъ
|
*lъžьnъ
|
| dative
|
*lъžьnomъ
|
*lъžьnamъ
|
*lъžьnomъ
|
| accusative
|
*lъžьny
|
*lъžьny
|
*lъžьna
|
| instrumental
|
*lъžьny
|
*lъžьnami
|
*lъžьny
|
| locative
|
*lъžьněxъ
|
*lъžьnaxъ
|
*lъžьněxъ
|
| vocative
|
*lъžьni
|
*lъžьny
|
*lъžьna
|
Definite declension of *lъžьnъ (hard)
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lъžьnъjь
|
*lъžьnaja
|
*lъžьnoje
|
| genitive
|
*lъžьnajego
|
*lъžьnyję̇
|
*lъžьnajego
|
| dative
|
*lъžьnujemu
|
*lъžьněji
|
*lъžьnujemu
|
| accusative
|
*lъžьnъjь
|
*lъžьnǫjǫ
|
*lъžьnoje
|
| instrumental
|
*lъžьnyjimь
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*lъžьnǫjǫ
|
*lъžьnyjimь
|
| locative
|
*lъžьnějemь
|
*lъžьněji
|
*lъžьnějemь
|
| vocative
|
*lъžьnъjь
|
*lъžьnaja
|
*lъžьnoje
|
| dual
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lъžьnaja
|
*lъžьněji
|
*lъžьněji
|
| genitive
|
*lъžьnuju
|
*lъžьnuju
|
*lъžьnuju
|
| dative
|
*lъžьnyjima
|
*lъžьnyjima
|
*lъžьnyjima
|
| accusative
|
*lъžьnaja
|
*lъžьněji
|
*lъžьněji
|
| instrumental
|
*lъžьnyjima
|
*lъžьnyjima
|
*lъžьnyjima
|
| locative
|
*lъžьnuju
|
*lъžьnuju
|
*lъžьnuju
|
| vocative
|
*lъžьnaja
|
*lъžьněji
|
*lъžьněji
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
*lъžьniji
|
*lъžьnyję̇
|
*lъžьnaja
|
| genitive
|
*lъžьnъjixъ
|
*lъžьnъjixъ
|
*lъžьnъjixъ
|
| dative
|
*lъžьnyjimъ
|
*lъžьnyjimъ
|
*lъžьnyjimъ
|
| accusative
|
*lъžьnyję̇
|
*lъžьnyję̇
|
*lъžьnaja
|
| instrumental
|
*lъžьnyjimi
|
*lъžьnyjimi
|
*lъžьnyjimi
|
| locative
|
*lъžьnyjixъ
|
*lъžьnyjixъ
|
*lъžьnyjixъ
|
| vocative
|
*lъžьniji
|
*lъžьnyję̇
|
*lъžьnaja
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Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лъжьнꙑи (lŭžĭnyi)
- Old Ruthenian: ло́жный (lóžnyj)
- Ukrainian: ло́жний (lóžnyj)
- Russian: ло́жный (lóžnyj)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: лъжьнъ (lŭžĭnŭ)
- Glagolitic script: ⰾⱏⰶⱐⱀⱏ (lŭžĭnŭ)
- Bulgarian: лъжен (lǎžen) (obsolete)
- Macedonian: лажен (lažen)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: ла̏жан
- Latin script: lȁžan
- Slovene: lážen (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: ležný
- Slovak: luzný
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lъžьnъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 17 (*lъžь – *matješьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 10