Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/marěna

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Unknown. Perchance related to *marati (“to stain, to sully”). It might be a substrate word spread from Poland and only late, while comparisons with other Indo-European words are difficult and prone to chance correspondence. However it has terminally ousted the other Slavic word for madder, *broščь, by the end of the Early Modern Age.

Noun

*marěna m

  1. madder (Rubia tinctorum)
    Synonym: *bròščь

Inflection

Declension of *marěna (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *marěna *marěně *marěny
genitive *marěny *marěnu *marěnъ
dative *marěně *marěnama *marěnamъ
accusative *marěnǫ *marěně *marěny
instrumental *marěnojǫ, *marěnǭ** *marěnama *marěnamī
locative *marěně *marěnu *marěnasъ, *marěnaxъ*
vocative *marěno *marěně *marěny

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: марэ́на (maréna), мару́на (marúna)
    • Russian: маре́на (maréna), also however марена́ (marená) (and written without ѣ pre-1918)
    • Ukrainian: маре́на (maréna), мару́на (marúna)
      • → Romanian: mărună
  • South Slavic: —
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*marěna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 17 (*lъžь – *matješьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 210
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “марена”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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