Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/orba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *õrbъ +‎ *-a.

Noun

*ōrbà f[1]

  1. female equivalent of *õrbъ (“servant, slave”)

Declension

Declension of *ōrbà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *ōrbà *õrbě *ōrbỳ
genitive *ōrbỳ *ōrbù *õrbъ
dative *ōrbě̀ *ōrbàma *ōrbàmъ
accusative *ōrbǫ̀ *õrbě *ōrbỳ
instrumental *ōrbòjǫ, *õrbǫ** *ōrbàma *ōrbàmī
locative *ōrbě̀ *ōrbù *ōrbàsъ, *ōrbàxъ*
vocative *orbo *õrbě *ōrbỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Note that the descendants exhibit a metathesis of the liquid r (*or- > ro-; ra-):

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: роба (roba)
    • Old Novgorodian: роба (roba)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: roba (“female servant or slave, wife”)
      • Czech: roba (“wife”) (dialectal)
    • Old Polish: roba (“female servant or slave, wife, disorderly woman, sow”)
      • Polish: roba (dialectal or obsolete)
    • Slovak: roba (dialectal)

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*orbъ/*orba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 131

References

  1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “?orba”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b slavinde (PR 135)”
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