Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/redьky

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Old Saxon redik, see German Rettich, English radish and other West Germanic terms, from Latin rādīx (“root”).

Noun

*rèdъky f^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

radish

Declension

Declension of *rèdьky (hard v-stem, accent paradigm a)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*rèdьky	*rèdьkъvi	*rèdьkъvi
genitive	*rèdьkъve	*rèdьkъvu	*rèdьkъvъ
dative	*rèdьkъvi	rèdьkъvьma, rèdьkъvama^*	rèdьkъvьmъ, rèdьkъvamъ^*
accusative	*rèdьkъvь	*rèdьkъvi	*rèdьkъvi
instrumental	rèdьkъvьjǫ, rèdьkъvľǭ^**	rèdьkъvьma, rèdьkъvama^*	rèdьkъvьmī, rèdьkъvamī^*
locative	*rèdьkъve	*rèdьkъvu	rèdьkъvьxъ, rèdьkъvaxъ^*
vocative	*rèdьky	*rèdьkъvi	*rèdьkъvi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: рэ́дзька (rédzʹka)
- Russian: ре́дька (rédʹka)
- Ukrainian: ре́дька (rédʹka)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: ръдъ́ква (rǎdǎ́kva), ръдо́ква (rǎdókva) (dialectal, rare)
- Macedonian: ротква (rotkva), ’рдоква (’rdokva)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ро̏тква, also рода̀ква
  
  Latin script: rȍtkva, also rodàkva
- Slovene: rédkəv, dialectally rédkva, also written rétkəv
West Slavic:
- Czech: ředkev
- Polish: rzodkiew
- Slovak: reďkev, formerly also reďkva, redekva, retkev, retkva
- Sorbian:
  Lower Sorbian: rjadkej, rjatkej
  
  Upper Sorbian: rjedkej, rjetkej

→ Hungarian: retek

References

^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “Proto-Slavic/redьky”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, pages 535–536: “Psł. *redьky, *redьkъve, biernik *redьkъvь i *rьdьky, *rьdьkъve, biernik *rьdьkъvь ‘rzodkiew’”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “rédkev”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*rȅdъky, rod. *redьkъvȅ”
^ Pronk-Tiethoff, Saskia E. (2013) The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic‎^[1], Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 143: “PSl. *redьky/*rьdьky ‘radish, Raphanus sativus’ (f. ū-stem) [...] Accentuation: AP (b) [...] The fixed initial stress results from retraction of the stress from the medial jer (which had received the stress by Dybo’s law)”
^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “редька”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress: “Эти формы нельзя возвести к единой исходной; отчасти — из *rьdьky (укр.), отчасти — из *redьky (польск., в.-луж., н.-луж.). ― Eti formy nelʹzja vozvesti k jedinoj isxodnoj; otčasti — iz *rʹdʹky (ukr.), otčasti — iz *redʹky (polʹsk., v.-luž., n.-luž.).”

[1] Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “Proto-Slavic/redьky”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, pages 535–536: “Psł. *redьky, *redьkъve, biernik *redьkъvь i *rьdьky, *rьdьkъve, biernik *rьdьkъvь ‘rzodkiew’”

[2] Snoj, Marko (2016) “rédkev”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*rȅdъky, rod. *redьkъvȅ”

[3] Pronk-Tiethoff, Saskia E. (2013) The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic‎^[1], Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 143: “PSl. *redьky/*rьdьky ‘radish, Raphanus sativus’ (f. ū-stem) [...] Accentuation: AP (b) [...] The fixed initial stress results from retraction of the stress from the medial jer (which had received the stress by Dybo’s law)”

[4] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “редька”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress: “Эти формы нельзя возвести к единой исходной; отчасти — из *rьdьky (укр.), отчасти — из *redьky (польск., в.-луж., н.-луж.). ― Eti formy nelʹzja vozvesti k jedinoj isxodnoj; otčasti — iz *rʹdʹky (ukr.), otčasti — iz *redʹky (polʹsk., v.-luž., n.-luž.).”

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]