Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sęgnǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *sęg- +‎ *-nǫti. See *sęťi for etymology.

Verb

*sę̄gnǫ̀ti

to reach for, to attain

Inflection

Conjugation of *sęgnǫti, *sęže, *sęgnetь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sęženьje	*sęgnǫti	*sęgnǫtъ	*sęglъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sęženъ	*sęgnomъ
Active	*sęgъ	*sęgny

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sęg(ox)ъ	*sęže	*sęže	*sęgnǫ	*sęgneši	*sęgnetь
Dual	*sęg(ox)ově	*sęg(e/os)ta	*sęg(e/os)te	*sęgnevě	*sęgneta	*sęgnete
Plural	*sęg(ox)omъ	*sęg(e/os)te	sęgǫ, sęgošę	*sęgnemъ	*sęgnete	*sęgnǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sęgněaxъ	*sęgněaše	*sęgněaše	—	*sęgni	*sęgni
Dual	*sęgněaxově	*sęgněašeta	*sęgněašete	*sęgněvě	*sęgněta	—
Plural	*sęgněaxomъ	*sęgněašete	*sęgněaxǫ	*sęgněmъ	*sęgněte	—

Aorist *sęgeste ⇒ *sęžeste, ...

Related terms

*sęťi (“to reach for”)
*sę̀gati, *sę̀dzati (“to reach for”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: сягну́ць (sjahnúcʹ, “to reach”)
- Russian: сягну́ть (sjagnútʹ, “to reach for, to attain”) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: сягну́ти (sjahnúty, “to reach, to grasp”)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: присѧгнѫти (prisęgnǫti, “to touch”), other prefixed verbs
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: се́гна (ségna, “to extend a hand”)
- Macedonian: сегне (segne, “to reach”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: се́гнути (“to reach”); dialectal се̏гнути се (“to reach for”)
  
  Latin: ségnuti (“to reach”); dialectal sȅgnuti se (“to reach for”)
- Slovene: sẹ́gniti (“to reach for”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. sẹ̑gnem (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sáhnúti
  - Czech: sáhnout (“to touch, to reach for”)
- Polish: sięgnąć (“to reach for, to reach”)
- Slovak: siahnuť (“to reach for”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: dosahnyć
  - Lower Sorbian: segnuś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sę̄gnǫ̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 449
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сяга́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress