Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/soldъkъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Pre-Slavic *salˀdukas, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *salˀdus, where *soldъ. Cognate with Lithuanian saldùs and Latvian salds.
It is in turn derived from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂el-d-u-s, extended form of *sh₂el-, *séh₂ls (“salt”) (whence also *solь (“salt”)). The original meaning of the Balto-Slavic word was thus "salty; tasty, delicious; spicy".
Adjective
*sòldъkъ (comparative *solďьjь)[1][2]
Alternative forms
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *soldъkъ | *soldъka | *soldъko |
| genitive | *soldъka | *soldъky | *soldъka |
| dative | *soldъku | *soldъcě | *soldъku |
| accusative | *soldъkъ | *soldъkǫ | *soldъko |
| instrumental | *soldъkomь | *soldъkojǫ | *soldъkomь |
| locative | *soldъcě | *soldъcě | *soldъcě |
| vocative | *soldъče | *soldъko | *soldъko |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *soldъka | *soldъcě | *soldъcě |
| genitive | *soldъku | *soldъku | *soldъku |
| dative | *soldъkoma | *soldъkama | *soldъkoma |
| accusative | *soldъka | *soldъcě | *soldъcě |
| instrumental | *soldъkoma | *soldъkama | *soldъkoma |
| locative | *soldъku | *soldъku | *soldъku |
| vocative | *soldъka | *soldъcě | *soldъcě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *soldъci | *soldъky | *soldъka |
| genitive | *soldъkъ | *soldъkъ | *soldъkъ |
| dative | *soldъkomъ | *soldъkamъ | *soldъkomъ |
| accusative | *soldъky | *soldъky | *soldъka |
| instrumental | *soldъky | *soldъkami | *soldъky |
| locative | *soldъcěxъ | *soldъkaxъ | *soldъcěxъ |
| vocative | *soldъci | *soldъky | *soldъka |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *soldъkъjь | *soldъkaja | *soldъkoje |
| genitive | *soldъkajego | *soldъkyję̇ | *soldъkajego |
| dative | *soldъkujemu | *soldъcěji | *soldъkujemu |
| accusative | *soldъkъjь | *soldъkǫjǫ | *soldъkoje |
| instrumental | *soldъkyjimь | *soldъkǫjǫ | *soldъkyjimь |
| locative | *soldъcějemь | *soldъcěji | *soldъcějemь |
| vocative | *soldъkъjь | *soldъkaja | *soldъkoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *soldъkaja | *soldъcěji | *soldъcěji |
| genitive | *soldъkuju | *soldъkuju | *soldъkuju |
| dative | *soldъkyjima | *soldъkyjima | *soldъkyjima |
| accusative | *soldъkaja | *soldъcěji | *soldъcěji |
| instrumental | *soldъkyjima | *soldъkyjima | *soldъkyjima |
| locative | *soldъkuju | *soldъkuju | *soldъkuju |
| vocative | *soldъkaja | *soldъcěji | *soldъcěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *soldъciji | *soldъkyję̇ | *soldъkaja |
| genitive | *soldъkъjixъ | *soldъkъjixъ | *soldъkъjixъ |
| dative | *soldъkyjimъ | *soldъkyjimъ | *soldъkyjimъ |
| accusative | *soldъkyję̇ | *soldъkyję̇ | *soldъkaja |
| instrumental | *soldъkyjimi | *soldъkyjimi | *soldъkyjimi |
| locative | *soldъkyjixъ | *soldъkyjixъ | *soldъkyjixъ |
| vocative | *soldъciji | *soldъkyję̇ | *soldъkaja |
Derived terms
- *soldъkyšь (“sweet desert”)
Related terms
- *solditi (“to sweeten”)
- *soldostь, *soldina (“sweetness”)
- *solstь (“pleasure, satisfaction, candies”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “солодкий”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сладък”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 841
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sòldъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459: “adj. o (a) ‘sweet’”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “sladek”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *sȏldъkъ”