Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/struja

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sraujā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (“flow”).

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian sraujà, Latvian strauja, Lithuanian sraũjas, Latvian stràujš, stràujа

Indo-European cognates include Thracian Στραῦος (Straûos), Old High German Stroua, Streua, German Streu

Cf. Ancient Greek ῥόος (rhóos, “stream”), Proto-Germanic *straumaz (“stream, current, river”)

Noun

*strujà f

stream

Declension

Declension of *strujà (soft a-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*strujà	*struji	*struję̇
genitive	*struję̇	*struju	*strujь
dative	*struji	*strujama	*strujamъ
accusative	*strujǫ	*struji	*struję̇
instrumental	strujejǫ, strujǫ^**	*strujama	*strujami
locative	*struji	*struju	strujasъ, strujaxъ^*
vocative	*struje	*struji	*struję̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *srew- (0 c, 5 e)

Descendants

East Slavic: струя (struja)
- Russian: струя́ (strujá)
- Ukrainian: струя́ (strujá) (rare, obsolete)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: строуꙗ (struja)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: стру́я (strúja)
- Macedonian: струја (struja)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: стру́ја
  
  Latin script: strúja
- Slovene: strúja

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 470
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “струя”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “струя”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 212