Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trǫba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Probably onomatopoeic in nature, akin to Proto-Slavic *trǫtъ (“drone”), or borrowed from Old High German trumba (“horn, trumpet”), itself imitative.

Noun

*trǫbà f[1][2]

  1. pipe, tube
  2. trumpet

Inflection

Declension of *trǭbà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *trǭbà *trǫ̃bě *trǭbỳ
genitive *trǭbỳ *trǭbù *trǫ̃bъ
dative *trǭbě̀ *trǭbàma *trǭbàmъ
accusative *trǭbǫ̀ *trǫ̃bě *trǭbỳ
instrumental *trǭbòjǫ, *trǫ̃bǫ** *trǭbàma *trǭbàmī
locative *trǭbě̀ *trǭbù *trǭbàsъ, *trǭbàxъ*
vocative *trǫbo *trǫ̃bě *trǭbỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

  • *trǫbiti (“to play trumpet”)
  • *trǫbačь (“trumpet player”)

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: труба (truba)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: трѫба (trǫba)
    • Bulgarian: тръба́ (trǎbá), тръ́мба (trǎ́mba) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: труба (truba)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: тру́ба
      Latin script: trúba
    • Slovene: trọ́ba (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
  • Non-Slavic:
    • → Romanian: trâmbiță (Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic трѫбица (trǫbica))

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “труба”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References

  1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “trǫba trǫby”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b rør, trompet (PR 135)”
  2. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “trọ́ba”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*trǫba̋”
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