Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ŋēle-

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Verb

*ŋēle-

  1. (intransitive) to be scared, frightened

Descendants

  • Jurchenic:
    • Jurchen: 革䡃必 (gele- /⁠ge-le-bi⁠/)
      • Manchu: ᡤᡝᠯᡝᠮᠪᡳ (gelembi)
  • Tungusic:
    • Northern Tungusic:
    • Southern Tungusic:
      • Central:
        • Oroch: ӈэ̄лэ- (ŋēle-)
        • Udihe: ӈэлэ- (ŋele-)
      • South-Eastern:
        • Nanai: ӈэ̄лэури (ŋēleuri)
        • Orok: ӈэлэвури (ŋələvuri)
        • Ulch: ӈэ̄лэчуву (ŋēlechuwu)

References

  • Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 37
  • Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 667-669
  • Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 290.
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