Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/biaga

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Alternative reconstructions

*bēga, *biāga

Etymology

Perhaps related and cognate to *biagun (“earth”).

Noun

*biaga

moon
Coordinate term: *sïgūn (“sun”)

Declension

Declension of *biaga

	Singular
Nominative	*biaga
Accusative	*biagaba
Genitive	*biagaŋī
Dative	*biagadua
Locative	*biagalā
Ablative	*biagadiki
Prolative	*biagali
Elative	*biagagiʒi
Instrumental	*biagaʒi
Delative	*biagalāki
Directive	*biagatiki
Comitative	*biagagili

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: 别阿 (biya /⁠bie-a⁠/) (or 別阿)
  - Manchu: ᠪᡳᠶᠠ (biya)
Tungusic:
- Northern Tungusic:
  - Even: бя̄г (ʙẹ̄g)
  - Evenki: бе̄га (bēga)
  - Negidal: бе̄ға (bēɣa)
  - Oroqen: bɛ꞉
- Southern Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: бя (bja)
    - Udihe: биа (bia)
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: биа (bia)
    - Orok: бе̄ (bē)
    - Ulch: бе̄ (bē)

References

Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 30
Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 78-79
Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 135.