Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/dilgan

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

Either suffixed with *-n or *-gan. Compare Evenki дыламкӯн (dilamkūn, “high, thin (voice)”).^[1]

Noun

*dilgan

voice

Declension

Declension of *dilgan

	Singular
Nominative	*dilgan
Accusative	*dilganba
Genitive	*dilganŋī
Dative	*dilgandua
Locative	*dilganlā
Ablative	*dilgandiki
Prolative	*dilganli
Elative	*dilgangiʒi
Instrumental	*dilganʒi
Delative	*dilganlāki
Directive	*dilgantiki
Comitative	*dilgangili

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: 的魯阿 (jilgan /⁠di-lu-a⁠/)
  - Manchu: ᠵᡳᠯᡤᠠᠨ (jilgan)
Tungusic:
- Northern Tungusic:
  - Even: дылган (dilgan), дэлган (dəlgan)
  - Evenki: дылган (dilgan)
  - Negidal: дэлган (delgan)
  - Oroqen: dɪlgan
  - Solon: dilga
- Southern Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: дыгган (diggan)
    - ⇒ Udihe: диғана- (diɣana, “to speak”)
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: дилган (ʒilgan)
    - Orok: ӡилда(н) (ʒilda(n))
    - Ulch: дилдяа(н) (ʒịlʒa(n))

References

^ Vasilevič, G. M. (1958) Эвэнкийско-Русский словарь [Evenki-Russian dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: GIS, page 128

Fuchs, Walter, Lopatin, Ivan A., Menges, Karl, Denis, Sinor (1968) Tungusologie (Handbuch der Orientalistik; V.3), Leiden and Köln: Brill, page 91
Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 32
Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, page 206
Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 327.

[1] Vasilevič, G. M. (1958) Эвэнкийско-Русский словарь [Evenki-Russian dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: GIS, page 128

[1]