Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/tügde

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Etymology

This noun is one of the limited examples of zero-derivations in Proto-Tungusic. Compare *tügde- (“to rain”).

Noun

*tügde

rain
Synonym: *aga

Declension

Declension of *tügde

	Singular
Nominative	*tügde
Accusative	*tügdebe
Genitive	*tügdeŋī
Dative	*tügdedüe
Locative	*tügdelē
Ablative	*tügdediki
Prolative	*tügdeli
Elative	*tügdegiʒi
Instrumental	*tügdeʒi
Delative	*tügdelēki
Directive	*tügdetiki
Comitative	*tügdegili

Related terms

*tügdelü- (“to start raining”)

Descendants

Tungusic:
- Northern Tungusic:
  - Even: тӣд (tīd)
  - Evenki: тыгдэ (tigdə)
  - Negidal: тигдэ (tigde)
  - Oroqen: tigdə
- Southern Tungusic:
  - Central:
    - Oroch: тигдэ (tigde)
    - Udihe: тигдэ (tigde)
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: тугдэ (tugde)
    - Orok: тугдэ (tugdə)
    - Ulch: тугдэ (tugde)

References

Vovin, Alexander, Janhunen, Juha, de la Fuente, José Andrés Alonso (2023) The Tungusic Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), Abingdon: Routledge, page 47
Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 30
Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, page 175