Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ülker

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Unknown.

Noun

*ülker

(Common Turkic, astronomy) Pleiades

Declension

Declension of *ülker
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*ülker
accusative	ülkerig, ülkerni¹⁾
genitive	*ülkerniŋ
dative	*ülkerke
locative	*ülkerte
ablative	*ülkerten
allative	*ülkergerü
instrumental ²⁾	*ülkerin
equative ²⁾	*ülkerče
similative ²⁾	*ülkerleyü
comitative ²⁾	*ülkerligü

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: Ülkər
  - Ottoman Turkish:
    - Turkish: Ülker
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اُلْكَرْ (ülker) ^[1]
- Chagatai:
  - Uzbek: Hulkar
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: Өлкәр (Ölkər)
- West Kipchak:
  - Kumyk: Уьлкер (Ülker)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: Үркер (Ürker)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: Үркөр (Ürkör)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽷𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽳𐽴 (Ülker yultuz /⁠ʾwylkʾr ywltwz⁠/)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: Үргэл (Ürgel)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: үъһер
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: Ӱлгер (Ülger)

References

^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 95

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 143

[1] -Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 95

[1]