Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kömür
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
From *köń- (“to burn”) + *-mür, however there have previously been attempts at deriving it from *köm- (“to bury”) + *-mür, which is semantically dubious.
Noun
*kömür
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *kömür |
| accusative | *kömürüg, *kömürni1) |
| genitive | *kömürnüŋ |
| dative | *kömürke |
| locative | *kömürte |
| ablative | *kömürten |
| allative | *kömürgerü |
| instrumental 2) | *kömürün |
| equative 2) | *kömürče |
| similative 2) | *kömürleyü |
| comitative 2) | *kömürlügü |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- ⇒ Chuvash: кӑмрӑк (kămrăk)
- Proto-Common Turkic: *kömür
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (kömür)
- ⇒ Karakhanid: کُمُرْلُكْ (kömürlük, “trees harvested for charcoal; where charcoal is stored”)
- Uzbek: koʻmir
- Uyghur: كۆمۈر (kömür)
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (kömür)
- Kipchak:
- Old Kipchak:
- Armeno-Kipchak: comur (Codex Cumanicus)
- Mamluk-Kipchak: [script needed] (kömür)[1]
- North Kipchak:
- West Kipchak:
- East Kipchak:
- South Kipchak:
- Old Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- ⇒ Old Turkic: 𐰚𐰇𐰢𐰼𐱃𐰍 (kömürtaɣ, “a mountain between Ötüken and the Karakum desert”)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (kömür)
See also
| Minerals in Proto-Turkic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stone: *tāĺ | iron: *temür | silver: *kümüĺ | |||
| gold: *altūn | copper: *bakïr | chalk or earth: *bōr | |||
| coal: *kömür | salt: *tūŕ | lead: *korguĺčïn | |||
References
- al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 24
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kömür”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 723
- Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation[2], volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 390
- Eren, Hasan (1999) “kömür”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language][3] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 256
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kömür”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 102-103
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 289
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*kömür”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[4], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 365