Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kuńāĺ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Whether this is a secondary form of *küneĺ (“sunny place”) or a distinct word is uncertain, with multiple sources claiming one or the other.

Sevortjan suggests a derivation from *kuy- which he considers a secondary form of *köń-, however neither does he explain the morphology nor is such a form attested.

Noun

*kuńāĺ

  1. the blazing heat of the (midday) sun
  2. (astronomy) sun
    Synonym: *küneĺ

Declension

Declension of *kuńāĺ
singular 3)
nominative *kuńāĺ
accusative *kuńāĺïg, *kuńāĺnï1)
genitive *kuńāĺnïŋ
dative *kuńāĺka
locative *kuńāĺta
ablative *kuńāĺtan
allative *kuńāĺgaru
instrumental 2) *kuńāĺïn
equative 2) *kuńāĺča
similative 2) *kuńāĺlayu
comitative 2) *kuńāĺlïgu
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: хӗвел (hĕvel, “sun”)
  • Proto-Common Turkic: *kuyāš
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: قُياشْ
      • Chagatai:
        • Uzbek: quyosh
        • Uyghur: قۇياش (quyash)
  • Kipchak:
    • Cuman: cuyas
      • Karaim: къуяш (quyaş)
      • Kumyk: кыяс (kıyas)
      • → Turkish: guyaş (dial.)
    • North Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Nogai: [script needed] (qıyaş)
        • Karakalpak: quyash
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Southern Altai: [script needed] (quyash)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (quyaš)
    • Northern Altai: куйаш (kuyaš)
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Yenisei:
        • Shor: қуйаш (quyaš)

References

  1. ^ Solak Sağlam, M. (2021). Ń (Ny) Sesinin Saha (Yakut) Türkçesindeki Kullanımı. Türkiyat Mecmuası, 31(1), 323-340. [1]
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 679
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 301
  • Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume VI, Moscow: Indrik, page 111
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