Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þwangijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *þwangijaną, a causative formation to *þwingan. Otherwise from *þwangi (“force”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*þwangijan

  1. to press, force, cram

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *þwangijan
1st sg. past *þwangidā
Infinitive *þwangijan
Genitive infin. *þwangijannjas
Dative infin. *þwangijannjē
Instrum. infin. *þwangijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *þwangiju *þwangidā
2nd singular *þwangisi *þwangidēs, *þwangidōs
3rd singular *þwangiþi *þwangidē, *þwangidā
1st plural *þwangijum *þwangidum
2nd plural *þwangiþ *þwangidud
3rd plural *þwangijanþ *þwangidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *þwangijē *þwangidī
2nd singular *þwangijēs *þwangidī
3rd singular *þwangijē *þwangidī
1st plural *þwangijēm *þwangidīm
2nd plural *þwangijēþ *þwangidīd
3rd plural *þwangijēn *þwangidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *þwangi
Plural *þwangiþ
Present Past
Participle *þwangijandī *þwangid

Descendants

  • Old Saxon: *þwengian
    • Middle Low German: dwengen
  • Old High German: dwengen
    • Middle High German: twengen
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