Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/batēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *batāną. Equivalent to *bat (“good”) +‎ *-ēn.

Verb

*batēn^[1]

to become better

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive	*batēn
1st sg. past	*bat?dā
Infinitive	*batēn
Genitive infin.	*batēnijas
Dative infin.	*batēnijē
Instrum. infin.	*batēniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*batē	*bat?dā
2nd singular	*batēs	bat?dēs, bat?dēs
3rd singular	*batēþ	bat?dē, bat?dā
1st plural	*batēm	*bat?dum
2nd plural	*batēþ	*bat?dud
3rd plural	*batēnþ	*bat?dun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*batē	*bat?dī
2nd singular	*batēs	*bat?dī
3rd singular	*batē	*bat?dī
1st plural	*batēm	*bat?dīm
2nd plural	*batēþ	*bat?dīd
3rd plural	*batēn	*bat?dīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*batē
Plural	*batēþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*batēndī	*bat?d

Descendants

Old English: batian
- Middle English: *baten
  - Scots: bat
  - ⇒ Middle English: batful, badful
    - English: batful
- ⇒ Old English: *batol
  - Middle English: *batel
    - English: batell, battle
    - Scots: baittle, bettle
Old Frisian: batia
- Saterland Frisian: baatje
- West Frisian: bate, baatsje
Old Saxon: *batōn
- Middle Low German: baten
  - Low German: batten
  - → Danish: batte, både
  - → Swedish: båta
Old Dutch: *baton
- Middle Dutch: bāten
  - Dutch: baten
    - Afrikaans: baat
Old High German: bazzēn

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 191: “PWGmc *batē-”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 191: “PWGmc *batē-”

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