Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bulkijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *belkaną.

Verb

*bulkijan

  1. to bellow, roar
  2. to low, moo

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *bulkijan
1st sg. past *bulkidā
Infinitive *bulkijan
Genitive infin. *bulkijannjas
Dative infin. *bulkijannjē
Instrum. infin. *bulkijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *bulkiju *bulkidā
2nd singular *bulkisi *bulkidēs, *bulkidōs
3rd singular *bulkiþi *bulkidē, *bulkidā
1st plural *bulkijum *bulkidum
2nd plural *bulkiþ *bulkidud
3rd plural *bulkijanþ *bulkidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *bulkijē *bulkidī
2nd singular *bulkijēs *bulkidī
3rd singular *bulkijē *bulkidī
1st plural *bulkijēm *bulkidīm
2nd plural *bulkijēþ *bulkidīd
3rd plural *bulkijēn *bulkidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *bulki
Plural *bulkiþ
Present Past
Participle *bulkijandī *bulkid

Alternative reconstructions

  • *bulkēn

Descendants

  • Old English: *bulcian, *bolcian (<*bulkēn)
  • Old Saxon: *bolkian
  • Old Dutch: *bulken
    • Middle Dutch: *bulken
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