Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/knussjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Orel suggests an onomatopoeic origin.[1]

Verb

*knussjan[2]

  1. to strike
  2. to bruise

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *knussjan
1st sg. past *knusidā
Infinitive *knussjan
Genitive infin. *knussjannjas
Dative infin. *knussjannjē
Instrum. infin. *knussjannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *knussju *knusidā
2nd singular *knusisi *knusidēs, *knusidōs
3rd singular *knusiþi *knusidē, *knusidā
1st plural *knussjum *knusidum
2nd plural *knusiþ *knusidud
3rd plural *knussjanþ *knusidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *knussjē *knusidī
2nd singular *knussjēs *knusidī
3rd singular *knussjē *knusidī
1st plural *knussjēm *knusidīm
2nd plural *knussjēþ *knusidīd
3rd plural *knussjēn *knusidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *knusi
Plural *knusiþ
Present Past
Participle *knussjandī *knusid

Relaated terms

Descendants

  • Old English: cnyssan
  • Old Frisian:
    • West Frisian: knieze, kniezje
  • Old Dutch: *cnusen
    • Middle Dutch: cnuesen
  • Old High German: knussen
    • Middle High German: knüssen, knüsen

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*knusjanan ~ knusōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 219
  2. ^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 271: “PWGmc *knusidē”
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