Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/līs(ī)
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Of unknown origin; the original sense probably referred to gentle physical movements, which then shifted to aural noise. Has been derived from a Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“small, mild”), and compared with Ancient Greek λιαρός (liarós, “tepid, mild”), λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “the last”), and Lithuanian li̇́esas (“lean, skinny”),[1] though more recent scholarship does not seem to support these comparisons.
Adjective
*līs(ī)
Inflection
| a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | ||
| Nominative | *līs | ||
| Genitive | *līsas | ||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *līs | *līsu | *līs |
| Accusative | *līsanā | *līsā | *līs |
| Genitive | *līsas | *līseʀā | *līsas |
| Dative | *līsumē | *līseʀē | *līsumē |
| Instrumental | *līsu | *līseʀu | *līsu |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *līsē | *līsō | *līsu |
| Accusative | *līsā | *līsā | *līsu |
| Genitive | *līseʀō | *līseʀō | *līseʀō |
| Dative | *līsēm, *līsum | *līsēm, *līsum | *līsēm, *līsum |
| Instrumental | *līsēm, *līsum | *līsēm, *līsum | *līsēm, *līsum |
| ja-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | ||
| Nominative | *līsī | ||
| Genitive | *līsijas | ||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *līsī | *līsiju | *līsī |
| Accusative | *līsijanā | *līsijā | *līsī |
| Genitive | *līsijas | *līsijeʀā | *līsijas |
| Dative | *līsijumē | *līsijeʀē | *līsijumē |
| Instrumental | *līsiju | *līsijeʀu | *līsiju |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *līsijē | *līsijō | *līsiju |
| Accusative | *līsijā | *līsijā | *līsiju |
| Genitive | *līsijeʀō | *līsijeʀō | *līsijeʀō |
| Dative | *līsijēm, *līsijum | *līsijēm, *līsijum | *līsijēm, *līsijum |
| Instrumental | *līsijēm, *līsijum | *līsijēm, *līsijum | *līsijēm, *līsijum |
Derived terms
- *līs(ij)ō (adverb)
- *līsōn (verb)
- ⇒ Old English: ġelīsian (“to slip, slide”)
Descendants
- Old Frisian: *līse
- ⇒ Saterland Frisian: liesken (adverb)
- Old Saxon: *līsi
- Old Dutch: *līsi (attested as adverb līsno)
- Old High German: *līsi (attested as adverb līso)
References
- ^ Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “leise”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN