Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/smeugan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *smeuganą.

Verb

*smeugan

  1. to creep, to crawl

Inflection

Strong class 2
Infinitive *smeugan
1st sg. past *smaug
3rd pl. past *smugun
Past ptcple *smogan
Infinitive *smeugan
Genitive infin. *smeugannjas
Dative infin. *smeugannjē
Instrum. infin. *smeugannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *smeugu *smaug
2nd singular *smiugiʀi *smugī
3rd singular *smiugidi *smaug
1st plural *smeugum *smugum
2nd plural *smiugid *smugud
3rd plural *smeugand *smugun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *smeugē *smugī
2nd singular *smeugēs *smugī
3rd singular *smeugē *smugī
1st plural *smeugēm *smugīm
2nd plural *smeugēþ *smugīd
3rd plural *smeugēn *smugīn
Imperative Present
Singular *smiug
Plural *smiugid
Present Past
Participle *smeugandī *smogan

Alternative reconstructions

  • *smūgan
  • Proto-West Germanic: *smaugijan
    • Old High German: *smougen
      • Middle High German: smougen
  • *smogōn
    • Old Dutch: *smogon
      • Middle Dutch: *smogen, *smoegen
        • Dutch: (dialectal) smoegen (“to act secretly, lurk”)
    • Old High German: *smogōn
      • Middle High German: smogen (“to press in, nestle, cower, hunker”)
  • *smukkjan

Descendants

  • Old English: smūgan
    • Middle English: smuȝen
      • Scots: smue, smow, smoo
  • Old Frisian: *smūga
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: smūginge
  • Old Dutch: *smūgan, *smiogan
  • Old High German: smiogan
    • Middle High German: smiegen
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