Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spēgl

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Vulgar Latin *speglum, variant of Late Latin speclum.^[1]

Noun

*spēgl m

mirror

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*spēgl
Genitive	*spēglas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*spēgl	spēglō, spēglōs
Accusative	*spēgl	*spēglā
Genitive	*spēglas	*spēglō
Dative	*spēglē	*spēglum
Instrumental	*spēglu	*spēglum

Descendants

Old Dutch: spēgal
- Middle Dutch: spigel, spegel, spiegel
  - Dutch: spiegel
    - Afrikaans: spieël
      - → Xhosa: isipili
    - Limburgish: spegel
    - Negerhollands: spiegel
    - Sranan Tongo: spikri, spigri
      - Aukan: sipikii
        Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin: spikri
      - Saramaccan: sipéi, sipé
    - → Kari'na: supukili
    - → Papiamentu: spiel
    - → Warao: mu-sebihi
Old Frisian: spēgel
Old High German: spiegal
- Middle High German: spiegel
  - Bavarian: Spiagl
  - German: Spiegel
    - → Esperanto: spegulo
    - → Kashubian: szpédżel
    - → Romansch: spievel, spieghel, spejel
    - → Russian: с̌пи́гел (špígel)
  - Hunsrik: Spieghel
  - Luxembourgish: spiegel
  - Yiddish: שפּיגל (shpigl)
Old Saxon: spēgal, spiagal
- Middle Low German: spēgel, speyl, spīgel, speigel, speiel
  - Low German: Spegel
  - Plautdietsch: Spieejel
  - → Old Danish: speghæl
    - Danish: spejl
  - → West Frisian: spegel
  - → Old Norse: spegill
    - Faroese: spegil
    - Icelandic: spegill
    - Danish: spejl n
    - Norwegian Bokmål: speil n
    - Norwegian Nynorsk: spegel
      - → Northern Sami: speadjal
      - → Southern Sami: speejjele
    - Swedish: spegel c
      - → Estonian: peegel
      - → Finnish: peili
        → Ingrian: speili (from an early form)

References

^ Franck, Johannes (1936) “spegel”, in N. van Wijk, editor, Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), 2nd edition, The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff: “Uit Mlat. speglum (waaruit ook It. speglio) < Lat. speculum”

[1] Franck, Johannes (1936) “spegel”, in N. van Wijk, editor, Etymologisch woordenboek der nederlandsche taal (in Dutch), 2nd edition, The Hague: 's-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff: “Uit Mlat. speglum (waaruit ook It. speglio) < Lat. speculum”

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